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BackGround: Dudley Castle.


Up Dated 12 February 2008


Thomas DUDLEY
and 1 st
Dorothy YORKE
and 2nd
Catharine DEIGHTON

Thomas was born 12 October 1576 in Yardley-Hastings, Northamptonshire, England, and married first 25 March 1603, Dorothyt YORKE. She was born 27 Dec 1582 in England, and died 27 December 1643 in Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts. He married second 14 April 1644 in Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts, Catharine DEIGHTON the daughter of John DEIGHTON and Jane BASSETT. She was born 16 January 1614 in Uley, Gloucestershire, England and died 29 August 1671 in Suffolk County, Massachusetts. Thomas died 31 July 1653, Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts.

The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans
Volume 3 D
Dudley, Thomas
page 324

Dudley, Thomas, governor of Massachusetts, was born in Northampton, England, about 1576; son of Capt. Roger and _____ (Nicolls) Dudley. He was carefully educated by a kinswoman and also attended a Latin school. About 1597 he led a company of volunteers into France to aid Henry of Navarre, but was not called upon to render active service. Returning to England he studied law under Judge Augustine Nicolls of Faxton, a kinsman on his mother's side. In 1630 he immigrated to New England, having been appointed deputy-governor of Massachusetts. He was
[p.324]
appointed governor in 1634 and again in 1640, 1645 and 1650. When not serving as governor he was generally deputy-governor or assistant, holding the former office thirteen and the latter five years. In March, 1644, he was appointed sergeant major-general of the colony, and served as such for four years. In 1639 he purchased land in Roxbury and there resided until his death. His first wife, Dorothy, died in 1643 and in 1644 he was married to Mrs. Catherine (Dighton) Hackburne. He died in Roxbury, Mass., July 31, 1653.

Thomas Dudley

Thomas Dudley (born 1576, Northampton, England -- died 31 July 1653, Roxbury Massachusetts), British colonial governor of Massachusetts, for many years the most influential man in Massachusetts Bay Colony, save John Winthrop.

Dudley was the son of a country gentleman in England and for a tine was steward of the earl of Lincoln's estates. After being converted to Puritanism he joined with other Linconshire gentlemen in 1629, entering into an agreement to settle in New England provided they were allowed to take a charter with them. This proposal the general court of the Massachusetts Bay Company agreed to, and in April 1630 Dudley sailed to America in the same ship with Winthrop, the newly appointed governor. Dudley was elected deputy governor 13 times between 1629 and 1650, and served as governor 4 times.

Soon after his arrival in the coloney Dudley settled at New Towne (later called Cambridge), which he helped found. He was also one of the promoters of the plan to establish Harvard College. Winthrop's decision to make Boston instead o New Towne the capital precipitated the first of many quarrels between the two and prompted Dudley to move his residence to Roxbury.

From Dudley, an ernest and persistent hersey hunter, New England Pruitanism derived some of its harshest aspects; his sterner Puritanism stood in strong contrast to Winthrop's more tolerant and liberal views.

THOMAS DUDLEY

ORIGIN: Sempringham, Lincolnshire
MIGRATION: 1630
FIRST RESIDENCE: Charlestown
REMOVES: Cambridge 1631, Ipswich 1634, Roxbury by 1644
OCCUPATION: Magistrate.
CHURCH MEMBERSHIP: "Thomas Dudley deputy governor" was admitted to Boston church as member #2, which would be at its founding in 1630 [ BChR 13].
FREEMAN: 25 May 1636 [ MBCR 1:372];
Dudley would have been considered a freeman from the time of joining the Massachusetts Bay Company in England, and was at this date (along with other early colony leaders) only confirming a condition of long standing.
EDUCATION: "...he was trained up in some Latin school `by the care of Mrs. Purefoy'" and "became a clerk to his kinsman Judge Nicolls, under whose instruction he acquired much skill in the law" [ NEHGR 10:133].
An annotated list of the books and pamphlets appearing in his inventory was published in 1858 [NEHGR 12:355].
OFFICES: Governor of Massachusetts Bay, 1634, 1640, 1645, 1650 [ MA Civil List 16].
Deputy governor, 1630-1633, 1637-1639, 1646-1649, 1651-1652 [MA Civil List 16].
Assistant, 1635-1636, 1641-1644 [MA Civil List 21-22].
Commissioner of the United Colonies for Massachusetts Bay, 1643, 1647 [MA Civil List 28].
Sergeant Major General, 29 May 1644 [MBCR 3:2].
ESTATE: Granted one rood of land at Cambridge, 2 December 1633 [ CaTR 6].
In the 8 February 1635/6 list of those with houses in Cambridge, "Tho[mas] Dudly Esqr." was credited with six [CaTR 18].
In the Cambridge land inventory on 1 May 1635, the land holdings of "Thomas Dudly Esquire" included "one dwelling house with other outhouses in the new town with gardens and backsides containing one half acre of ground"; threescore and three acres in the neck; and one hundred acres common marsh [ CaBOP 2].
On 7 March 1643/4 the General Court accepted and recorded Dudley's redemption of a mortgage of his half of the mill at Watertown from Matthew Craddock [MBCR 2:60].
The court ordered that he be paid £60 for his duties as Deputy Governor, 4 November 1646, "we doubt not of his loving acceptance of so slender an acknowledgment" [MBCR 2:165-66].
The two hundred seventy-four acres of land that had been granted to Thomas Dudley between Dedham and Watertown were scheduled to be laid out 4 November 1646 [MBCR 2:184].
Having formerly made two grants of land to "Dept. Governor Thomas Dudley Esqr." the fifteen hundred acres were to be laid out along the river about four miles from Concord, 14 October 1651 [MBCR 3:246-47].
He was to be paid one hundred marks "as a slender manifestation of our due respects unto him" as governor, 22 May 1651 [MBCR 3:226-27].

In his will, dated 26 April 1652 (with codicils of 13 April 1653, 28 May 1653 and 8 July 1653) and proved 15 August 1653, "Thomas Dudley of Roxbury ... in perfect health" requested that "my body ... be buried near my first wife, if my present wife be living at my death" and attempted to divide the estate "as justly and equally as I can contrive it, between the posterity of my children by my first wife, and my children by my last wife, accounting Thomas Dudley & John Dudley my grandchildren (whom I have brought up) in some sort as my immediate children," he bequeathed as follows: "what I covenanted at my marriage with my present wife, to give to her, & such children as I should have by her, be made good unto them, with this condition & explanation, that all my lands in Roxbury ... with all my goods, debts, plate, household stuff & books. -my son Joseph Dudley to have a double portion, & Paule Dudley & Deborah Dudley, each a single portion; land to go to Joseph according to my aforementioned covenant, & the goods and debts to Paul and Deborah; if the land amount to more than a double portion, then to take out of the same from Joseph and give it to Paule and Deborah"; "my present wife & my three children to have all my lands, goods & debts (except what I give to others)"; to "the children of my son Samuel Dudley" the sixth part of my mill at Watertown, & of the house & fifteen acres of land in Watertown, together with a sixth part of the debt which Thomas Mayhew his heirs do owe me; to "the children of my daughter Bradstreete" another sixth; to "the children of my daughter Denison" another sixth; to "the children of my daughter Woodbridge" another sixth; to "the aforesaid Thomas Dudley" another sixth; to "the aforesaid John Dudley" the other sixth; if "my son Samuel Dudley or any of my three daughters, Bradstreete, Denison, or Woodbridge," have any more children, they shall have equal shares with the rest; to "my daughter Sarah Pacy" 20s. from each heir yearly; to the deacons of the church at Roxbury 5 marks for the poor; £5 to "worthy & beloved friends" John Eliot, Samuel Danforth, John Johnson and William Parkes "that they will do for me & mine as I would have done for them & theirs in the like case"; having named my sons executors in a former will, considering their remote dwelling, names "my aforesaid friends" executors
Codicil 13 April 1653: to "grandchild Thomas Dudley" £10 a year for two years "besides what I shall owe the college for him at my death"; to "grandchild John Dudley" £15 a year for three years; to "wife" the time & interest I have in John Ranken, also my rent & profits of the mill at Watertown from my death until the 20th of October next following, on condition she give "my daughter Sarah Pacy" her diet etc. at a rate of £6 a year until her share is reached; "whereas my son Samuel Dudley hath been importunate with me to maintain his son Thomas at the college at Cambridge until the month of August, 1654, when he is to take his 2d. degree, I have consented thereto, but so that the case of the education of my younger children doth compel me to ... revoke from my said son Samuel and his other children and their heirs the 6th part of my mill and lands at Watertown and do revoke ... £20 I gave to the said Thomas Dudley his son, & £45 I gave to John Dudley, another of the sons of my said son Samuel Dudley" but it being unfair that John Dudley (who hath been serviceable to me) should lose by my benificence to his brother, I give to John Dudley all the 6th part of my mill & land at Watertown "which I had formerly given to his father, or his younger brothers & sisters, so that I have settled a third part of the said mill upon him the said John Dudley, & a 6th part upon the said Thomas Dudley."
Codicil dated 28 May 1653: "my daughter Sarah Pacy" to receive 40s. a year from each 6th part of the mill and household goods.
Codicil 8 July 1653: "The charge of my long sickness" having so depleted the estate, in order to protect the education of my youngest children, I withdraw one 6th of the mill from my other children and grandchildren and settle it upon my three younger children. "My three youngest children" rateably charged for "my daughter Sarah Pacy" as the others are [NEHGR 5:295-97, abstracting SPR 1:76-81]. Mr. John Johnson proved the will saying it was "found in the chest of the said Thomas Dudley, presently after his deceased, under lock & key" [NEHGR 5:297].
The original will was delivered to Mr. Thomas Rucke Sr. so he might prove it in England.
The inventory of the estate of Thomas Dudley Esqr. was taken 8 August 1653 and totalled £1560 10s. 1d. [SPR 2:131-33].
BIRTH: Yardley Hastings, Northamptonshire, 12 October 1576, son of Roger and Susanna (Thorne) Dudley [NEHGR 65:189].
DEATH: Roxbury 31 July 1653 "& was buried on the 6th day following" [RChR 175].
The general court ordered the payment for the barrel of powder spent "at the interring of Thomas Dudley, Esqr.," 10 September 1653 [MBCR 4:1:180].
MARRIAGE: (1) Hardingstone, Northamptonshire, 25 April 1603 Dorothy Yorke [NEHGR 56:206];
"Dorothy Dudley the wife of Thomas Dudley" was admitted to Boston church as member #12 [BChR 13]
in 1630; she died at Roxbury 27 December 1643 "of the wind colic, a godly Christian woman & left a religious savor behind her" [RChR 171].
(2) Roxbury 4 April 1644 Katherine (Deighton) Hagborne, baptized St. Nicholas, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, 16 January 1614 [ TAG 9:221], widow of Samuel Hagburne.
She married (3) Dedham 8 November 1653 as his second wife JRev. ohn Allin of Dedham [TAG 9:221; DeVR 127].
CHILDREN:

With first wife

    i. THOMAS,     b. say 1605;
                      matriculated Emmanuel College, Cambridge Easter 1624,
                      A.B. January 1626/7, A.M. April 1630; sailed to New
                      England with his father [NEHGR 75:236];
                      no further record.

   ii. SAMUEL,    bp. Northampton 30 November 1608;
                   m. (1) by 1632 Mary Winthrop, daughter of John WINTHROP;
                   m. (2) say 1644 Mary Byley, sister of Henry Byley
                     (their son named Byley);
                   m. (3) probably Exeter say 1654 Elizabeth _____,
                     who survived him and was named in his will [WP 6:444].

  iii. ANNE,      b. say 1610;
                  m. before 1630 Simon BRADSTREET.
                     Anne (Dudley) Bradstreet was the renowned poetess.
                     Two recent studies of Anne Bradstreet and her poetry
                     are Elizabeth Wade White, Anne Bradstreet:
                     The Tenth Muse (New York 1971), and Ann Stanford,
                     Anne Bradstreet: The Worldly Poet (New York 1974).

   iv. PATIENCE,  b. say 1612;
                  m. Cambridge 18 October 1632 Daniel Denison,
                     son of Willian DENISON. "On the 18th day
                     of October ... I married your grandmother,
                     who was the second daughter of Mr. Tho[ma]s Dudley"
                     [NEHGR 46:128].	

    v. SARAH,    bp. Sempringham, Lincolnshire, 23 July 1620;
                  m. (1) by 9 June 1639 Benjamin Keayne,
                     son of Robert Keayne ("Benjamin Keayne merchant
                     and Sarah his wife" admitted to Boston church on
                     that date [BChR 25]);
            divorced by 1647;
                  m. (2) by 26 April 1652 Thomas Pacy
                     (called Sarah Pacy in her father's will).	

   vi. MERCY,     b. 27 September 1621 [NEHGR 10:130, original source
                     not stated];
                  m. by 1640 Rev. John Woodbridge
                     (child b. Newbury 7 June 1640; called daughter
                     Woodbridge in father's will) [Morison 409-10].	

With second wife

  vii. DEBORAH,   b. Roxbury 27 February 1644/5,
                 bp. there 2 March 1644/5 [RChR 116];
                  m. by 1665 Jonathan Wade, son of Jonathan WADE
                     (called daughter Wade in her mother's will).

 viii. JOSEPH,    b. Roxbury 23 September 1647,
                 bp. there 26 September 1647 [RChR 117];
                  m. by 1670 Rebecca Tyng, daughter of Edward Tyng
                     (eldest child bp. Roxbury 27 March 1670
                     [RChR 129]; Edward Tyng's will of 25 August 1677
                     names son-in-law Joseph Dudley).

   ix. PAUL,     bp. Roxbury 8 September 1650 [RChR 119];
                  m. by 1676 Mary Leverett, daughter of John LEVERETT.
                     She m. (2) Penn Townsend.

ASSOCIATIONS: Many attempts have been made to place Roger Dudley, father of the immigrant, into the large and prominent Dudley family of northern England, but without success. An extensive investigation of the ancestry of Thomas Dudley's maternal grandmother was publishsed by F.N. Craig in 1988 [NEHGR 142:227-44].

COMMENTS: In his autobiographical sketch, written for his grandchildren, Daniel Denison, son of William DENISON, and son-in-law of Thomas Dudley, had the following to say of his in-laws:
Mr. Thomas Dudley ... was a principal undertaker of this Plantation of the Massachusetts and one of those first comers in the year 1630 that brought over the Patent, and settled the government here. He came over Deputy Governor, and was afterwards diverse times Governor. He then lived at Cambridge, removed to Ipswich, where he stayed but one year, being recalled again to live in the Bay, which then could not but want his help. He settled himself at Roxbury, where he lived until he departed this life about the 30th day of July in the year 1653, having buried your great grandmother about ten years before, about the latter end of December 1643.

She was a fine virtuous woman who loved your father [John Denison] in his childhood, and [he] was born in her house. She had by her husband one son, your great uncle Samuel Dudley, who liveth at Exeter, and by three wives hath had many children, cousin germans to your father.

And beside your grandmother Denison she had three daughters (viz) your Aunt Bradstret who died in September 1672 who left 4 sons and 3 daughters living, beside her daughter Cotton who died before her and left many children, then your Aunt Woodbridg now living at Newbury who hath five sons and five daughters living, your father's cousin germans, as also were your aunt Bradstreet's children. The last was your Aunt Sarah married to Mr. Keane both dead long since, and left one only daughter Hannah, married to Mr. Paige, and is now living at Boston.

Your Great Grandmother being dead, your sweet [great] Grandfather Dudley married a second wife, and by her had a daughter married to Mr. Jonathan Wade, who liveth at Mistick, and two sons Joseph Dudley who now liveth at Roxbury, in his father's house, and Paul Dudley, a merchant who is upon a voyage to Ireland. These were your father's uncles by their father's side [NEHGR 46:128-29].

In his letter of 28 March 1631 to Lady Bridget, Countess of Lincoln, Dudley "...having yet no table, nor other room to write in than by the fireside upon my knee, in this sharp winter" serves as authority for many events of that month and the preceding winter. Not without humor, he told the story of the Watertown man who, having lost a calf, sought to ward away wolves by shooting his musket, and so roused his neighbors, whose shooting roused Roxbury, whose inhabitants took alarm and "beat up their drum" and raised Boston. "So in the morning, the calf being found safe, the wolves affrighted, and our danger past, we went merrily to breakfast" [Dudley 82-83].

Winthrop complained that "our new Governor (my brother Dudly) dwelling out of the way, I am still as full of company and business as before," 21 July 1634 [WP 3:171].
This may be the year of Dudley's removal to Ipswich. Dudley and Winthrop had failed to agree on Cambridge as the site for the Massachusetts Bay government, with Dudley and Bradstreet the only leaders who actually built their residences and lived there, despite an agreement that all would do so.

The extended efforts to provide for grandsons Thomas and John Dudley in his will and codicils were to no avail. Both died very young and unmarried.

Some considerable pain entered Gov. Dudley's last years as his daughter Sarah and her husband Benjamin Keayne necessitated one of the colony's earliest divorces. Stephen Winthrop says "My she Cosin Keane is growne a great preacher" in a letter from London 27 March 1646 [WP 5:70].

In a letter dated London 18 March 1646/7, Benjamin Keayne writes to Thomas Dudley:
Honored Sir, That you and myself are made sorry by your daughter's enormous and continued crimes, is the greatest cause of grief that ever befell me, and the more because her obstinate continuance in them is now to me by her own letter made as certain ... I never gave her the least just cause or occasion to provoke her to them ... she has not left me any room or way of reconciliation. And therefore as you desire, I do plainly declare my resolution never again to live with her as a husband. What maintenance yourself expects I know not. This I know (to my cost and danger) she has unwived herself and how she or you can expect a wife's maintenance is to me a wonder ... [WP 5:144].

Ezekiel Rogers passed some of the gossip on to John Winthrop in a letter dated Rowley 8 November 1647:
...I thought myself bound to acquaint you that there is not a little discourse raised, and by some, offence taken, at the late divorce granted by the Court. How weighty a business that is, as I need not tell you, so I would humbly desire that some course may be taken so as to clear the court's proceeding, as that rumors might be stopped, and letters of mistake into England prevented... [WP 5:189].

The news from England in the words of Brampton Gurdon Sr. put another light on things, as he wrote from Assington 6 June 1649 to John Winthrop:

Here goes some speech of a N.E. couple that lately came from thence the husband first, and then the wife followed after with what goods she could get together but we hear all her goods miscarried and she escaped only with her life. The man was Cane's son a cloak seller in Birching Lane, whose mother was Mr. Willson's sister. The woman is returned to N.E. and resolves there to take another husband. I hope your laws will not tolerate such wicked actions [WP 5:351].

BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY,
CONTAINING A BRIEF ACCOUNT
of the
FIRST SETTLERS
and
OTHER EMINENT CHARACTERS
among the
MAGISTRATES, MINISTERS, LITERARY and WORTHY MEN
in
NEW-ENGLAND

by
JOHN ELLLIOT, D. D.

THOMAS DUDLEY

>DUDLEY THOMAS, one of the first settlers of Massachusetts, who came over in the Arabella, was the only son of Capt. ROGER DUDLEY. In 1597 he was at the siege of Ameins, under HENRY IV, having a captin's commission from Queen ELIZABETH. Mr.HUTCHINSON says. he became a sober nonconformist from hearing DODD, HILDERSHAM, and other puritan dinines. He certainly was a zealous man in whatever he undertook as appears from WINTHROP'S journal; and upon some occasions he discovered very warm passions. That he was a very prudent man appears, however, from his good conduct in the management of the estate of the earl of Northampton, which was committed to his care. He sat under Mr. COTTON'S ministry, before the planting of Massachusetts. When he came over in the Arabella, he was 54 years old, but his strength of body, and health of mind, fitted him for any hardships. The company in England chose Mr. WINTHROP governour and Mr, HUMPHRIES deputy governor of the plantation. Mr. HUMPHRIES did not embark as was expected, and Mr. DUDLEY was chosen in his place. In 1634 he was chosen governour, and also several times afterwards. He was the second in authority seven or eight years, sometimes under WINTHROP, and once under ENDICOT. He was appointed major general in 1644; this was a new office in the plantation. He was continued in the magistracy from the time of his arrival to his death, which happened, 31 July 1653, in the 77th year of his age.

He was upright and honest in his disposition, blunt in his manners, and withstood magistrates and ministers when he thought them worthy of reproof. Nor woud he yield to any popular opinion to gain honour and authority. A serious dispute took place between him and governour WINTHROP, which required the interposition of their friends among the clergy and laity. He was more firm in the Hutchinsonian or Antinonian controversy, than any of the magistrates, and even accused Mr. COTTON of departing from the faith; and without prejudice or attachment from prior connexions, required an explanation of his principles and conduct. ENDICOT also found him an opponent that was not to be moved when he dissented from the general opinion of the magistrates, or wished to introduce some novel things in their proceedings. Mr. DUDLEY was not a man of learning equal to WINTHROP or BELLINGHAM, but in this respect was not inferior to ENDICOT. Neither ENDICOT nor DUDLEY possessed what, in the present age, would be called liberality of sentiment, or urbanity of manners. Mr. DUDLEY was such an enemy to toleration that he not only spoke against it, but left a number of lines which the friends of rational religion must wish he had never written, as they are not to the credit of his poetry or his charity, but being written and handed down are quoted to give a just view of the character of the man:

Let men of God, in courts and churches watch
O'er such as do a toleration hatch;
Lest that ill egg bring forth a cockatrice
To poison all with Heresy and vice.
If men be left, and otherwise combine,
My epitaph's, I die no libertine.
                           Thomas Dudley

REGISTER of the Massachusetts Society of THE COLONIAL DAMES of America,
1893-1944

DUDLEY, Thomas (1576-1653). Roxbury, Massachusetts. A Founder of Harvard College, 20 Nov. 1637; Assistant, 1629, 1635, 1636, 1641-1644; Commissioner of the United Colonies, 1643, and President of the Board, 1647, 1649; Deputy Governor, 1630-1633, 1637-1639, 1646-1649, 1651, 1652; Governor, 1634, 1640, 1645, 1650; Lieutenant-Colonel of First Massachusetts Regiment, 1636; First Major-General of Massachusetts, 1644.

WEBSTER'S American Biographies
Edited by:
CHARLES VAN DOREN

THOMAS DUDLEY

DUDLEY, Thomas (1576-1653), colonial official. Born in Northampton, England, in 1576 to a family of means, DUDLEY was orphaned early. After commanding a company of troops in an expedition against France in 1597 he became steward to the Earl of Lincoln. At some point he became interested in Puritanism; he was for a time a member of John COTTON'S congregation, and he took some part in the formation of the Massachusetts Bay Company. In 1630, along with Governor John WINTHROP, he sailed for America as deputy governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. For the rest of his life he was almost constantly in public office, four times as governor (1634, 1640, 1645, 1650) and 13 times as deputy governor; he also served on numerous public committees. He helped to found New Towne (now Cambridge), Massachusetts, and later lived in Roxbury. He was active in promoting the establishment of a college in Cambridge, was one of Harvard's first overseers, and as governor in 1650 signed the college's charter. In 1643 he was a delegate to the New England Confederation. A harsh and uncompromising Puritan, DUDLEY was a leading force in the suppression of heresy and dissent in the colony, once even bringing charges against John COTTON. He died on July 31, 1653 in Roxbury.

Gov. Thomas Dudley



Thomas DUDLEY

article written by Bill Kauffman

Thomas Dudley, the only son of Capt. Roger Dudley and Susanna Thorne, was born in 1576 at Northampton, England. On March 14, 1590, when he was fourteen years old, his father was killed at the Battle of Ivery, leaving Thomas and his sister orphans, as their mother had died previously.

Thomas inherited 500 pounds from his father and was raised as a page in the family of Lord Compton, Earl of Northampton. Afterwards, he became a clerk to his maternal kinsman, Judge Nichols, thus obtaining some knowledge of the law, which proved to be of great service to him in his later life. Also, while still in his minority, he was trained in Latin by a "Mrs. Purefoy", who was probably his maternal grandmother, Mary Purefoy. All in all, he gained a competent education and was able to understand any Latin author as well as most educated people of his time.

In 1596, at the age of twenty, Thomas received a Captain's commission in the army. According to Cotton Mather, "the young sparks about Northampton were none of them willing to enter into the service until a commission was given to our young Dudley to be their Captain, and thus presently there were four-score that listed under him." Thomas and his company of volunteers went to France and fought on the side of Henry IV, King of France, at the siege of Amiens in 1597.

On the conclusion of peace in 1597, Thomas returned to England, settled at Northampton and became acquainted with Dod, Hildersham and other Puritan leaders and himself became a Puritan. In 1603, he married Dorothy Yorke, daughter of Edmonde Yorke, yeoman, of Cotton End, Northamptonshire. She was described by Cotton Mather as "a gentlewoman both of good estate and good extraction." By her he had five children. During the period from about 1600 to 1630, Thomas was steward (manager of estates) to Theophilus, Earl of Lincoln, who had been deep in debt prior to Thomas' stewardship. After only a few years of management by Thomas, however, the Earl was out of debt and was prospering. Also, during this period, Thomas became acquainted with John Cotton, renowned minister of Boston, Lincolnshire (and later of Boston, MA). The Puritans were considered by many political leaders and by the Church of England to be a threat and were subjected to substantial persecution. During the 1620's, relations between the Church of England and the Puritans worsened. Continuing pressure led to a decision by a large group of Puritans to emigrate to New England.

In 1629, Thomas Dudley was one of the signers of the agreement to form the Massachusetts Bay Company. On Oct. 20, 1629, in the city of London, he was chosen one of the five officers to come to America with the Royal Charter.

The Massachusetts Bay Company was essentially similar to any other trading company of the time, except that its members had managed to obtain possession of the company charter, or patent, and thus could take it with them to the New World. With possession of the patent that established their rights and privileges, they could control their own government and elect their own magistrates. The group elected John Winthrop governor and Thomas Dudley deputy governor in October 1629.

It is difficult to understand Thomas Dudley's decision to leave England for the unknown shores of North America. In England he had friends, position and prosperity. But he decided to leave all this behind. Apparently, the pressures of persecution were so great that he was virtually forced to leave England or give up his religious convictions.

In 1630, Thomas and his wife and children sailed to New England with the Winthrop Fleet, a group of eleven vessels carrying 700 passengers. The Dudley family was on the flagship, the "Arbella". The Fleet left England in the Spring and arrived in Salem in June. Not approving of Salem as the capital, John Winthrop ordered the fleet south along the coast to Charlestown, ultimately settling at Newtown. Before leaving England, Winthrop had been elected governor and Thomas Dudley deputy-governor. Many of those who came with Winthrop separated and founded Roxbury, Lynn, Medford, Cambridge and Watertown. According to Thomas Dudley, about 200 of the emigrants died the first year in New England.

A somewhat violent disagreement between Dudley and Winthrop, the first of many owing to Dudley's touchy and over-bearing temper, occurred when Winthrop abandoned the chosen settlement and moved to Boston. Dudley subsequently moved to Ipswich but after a short time, in order to be nearer the seat of government, settled at Roxbury. He built on the west side of Smelt Brook, just across the watering place, at the foot of the hill where the road that runs up to the First Church joins the Town Street.

Although Thomas Dudley was 54 years of age when he landed in New England, he still had a long public career ahead of him. Throughout the rest of his life, he was almost constantly in public office. He was four times elected governor and thirteen times made deputy-governor. When not occupying either of these offices, he was usually to be found in the House as an Assistant. When the Standing Council with the idea of forming a body of members for life, Dudley was one of the three first chosen. When the New England Federation was formed in 1643, Dudley was one of the two commissioners chosen by Massachusetts to confer with those of the other colonies. There is hardly an event in the life of the colony during his own in which he did not act a part.

Thomas Dudley and Simon Bradstreet (both future governors) founded Cambridge in 1631. Thomas, however, lived for many years in Roxbury (now part of Boston). In 1636, he was one of twelve men appointed by the General Court to consider the matter of a college at Newtown (Cambridge) and was one to report favorably on the project. In 1650, as Governor, Thomas signed the original charter of the new college, named Harvard College.

Thomas was a strict Puritan and clashed several times with other leaders of the colony. He was known to be very inflexible in his views. Cotton Mather wrote that if Thomas Dudley had been alive at the time of the witchcraft trouble, New England would never have been disgraced by the bloodshed of innocent persons. He was one of the principal founders of the First Church at Boston and in the church now standing at Berkley and Marlborough streets is a tablet with the following inscription:

THOMAS DUDLEY. FOR SEVENTEEN YEARS GOVERNOR OR DEPUTY GOVERNOR OF THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. AS GOVERNOR HE SIGNED THE CHARTER OF HARVARD COLLEGE. BORN IN ENGLAND 1576. DIED IN ROXBURY 1653. A MAN OF APPROVED WISDOM AND OF MUCH GOOD SERVICE TO THE STATE.

Thomas was evidently as strong in body as he was unyielding in temper and unbreakable in will. Dorothy Dudley died in 1643 and Thomas remarried to Catherine Dighton. By her he had three children, the most noted being Joseph Dudley (1647) the future royal governor of Massachusetts, who was born when the old man was 70 years of age.

Dudley was an able man with marked executive and business ability. His integrity was unimpeachable. His eye, though somewhat religiously jaundiced, was single to the public interest as he saw it. He was something of a scholar and wrote poetry, read in his day, but unreadable in ours. In him, New England Puritanism took on some of its harshest and least pleasant aspects. He often won approval, but never affection. He was positive, dogmatic, austere, prejudiced, unlovable. He dominated by sheer strength of will as a leader in his community. Like many of the others, he was no friend to popular government and a strong believer in autocracy. Opposed to the clergy in one respect, he believed that the state should control even the church and enforce conformity as the superior, and not the handmaid, of the ecclesiastical organization.

Thomas was a thrifty man, who became one of the largest landowners in Roxbury, He was a "trading, money-getting man" and was said to be somewhat hard and "prone to usury." When he died, his property was valued at £1,560 and included bandoleers, corselets, some Latin books, some on law, some that indicate a taste for literature, and many on the doctrines of religion.

On July 31, 1653, Thomas Dudley died at the age of 77 at Roxbury, Massachusetts. There was a great funeral, with the most distinguished citizens as pall bearers. the clergy were present in large numbers. Military units were present with muffled drums and reversed arms. He was buried at Roxbury, near his home, where his tomb may be seen on the highest point of land. His epitaph was written by Rev. Ezekiel Rogers and reads as follows:

                          In books a Prodigal they say;
                          A table talker rich in sense;
                          And witty without wits pretense;
                          An able champion in debate;
                          Whose words lacked number but not weight;
                          Both Catholic and Christian too;
                          A soldier timely, tried and true;
                          Condemned to share the common doom;
                          Reposes here in Dudley's tomb;

There has been much debate among historians and some genealogists concerning descent of the Massachusetts Dudleys from the famous Barons Dudley of England. Suffice it to say that Rev. Samuel Dudley, oldest son of Thomas, claimed such descent during his lifetime and apparently was not challenged. Furthermore, Thomas Dudley was accustomed to using the arms (seal) of the Barons Dudley to seal legal documents bearing his signature. In fact his will, written with his own hand, was sealed with the Dudley arms, indicating that he was descended from the Sutton-Dudleys of Dudley Castle. It was a serious offense under English law to use arms under false pretenses.

HIS RELATIONSHIP TO DUDLEYTOWN: Ed and Lorraine Warren say that Gov Dudley was an Uncle to the Dudleytown brothers (see "Ghost Hunters") and that he was "hacked to death in the vicinity of Dudleytown, and the murderer was never caught." As we can see, the Warrens never did any research into their claims. <font color="#dd1400">Gov Dudley died 84 years BEFORE the first Dudleytown brother set foot there, and that he died of natural causes in Roxbury.

One Purposed Dudley Ancestry

Margaret Dudley b. c1744 Brentwood, Rockingham Co., NH - d. 1828 Kingston, Rockingham Co., NH; md c1768 Nathaniel Chase (8 children)

Davison Dudley b. c1718 Exeter, Rockingham Co., NH - d. 1787 Brentwood; md Anna Ladd (9 children)

Col. Stephen Dudley b. 1688 Exeter - d. there 1734; md 1708 Sarah Davison (8 children)

Stephen Dudley b.c1654 Exeter; md 1684 Sarah Gilman (11 children)

Rev. Samuel Dudley b. 1608 Andover, Hants, England - d. 1683 Exeter, Rockingham Co., NH: md 1) 1632 Mary Winthrop(5 children); md 2) 1643 Mary Byley (5 children); md 3) Elizabeth (8 children)

Gov. Thomas Dudley b. 1576 Yardley Hastings, Northampton, England - d. 1653 Roxbury, Rowley Co., MA; md 1) 1603 England to Dorothy Yorke; md 2) 1644 widow Catherine Leighton Heckburne Dighton (8 children)

Thomas came to America aboard the Arabella 1630 as deputy governor of the Massachusettes Bay Colony & was the second governor of the Colony 1634 +; commissioned for and twice president of the United Colonies; major general in A & HA Company

Capt Roger Dudley ----- d. 1590 England; md 1575 Lidlington, Befordshire, England to Susannah Thorne (4 children)

John Dudley -------- md Elizabeth Clerke

Thomas Sutton/Dudley b. c1497 - d. 1549 Dudley, Worchestershire, England; md Margaret

Sir Edward Sutton/Dudley b. c1459 Dudley - d. 1531; md Cecilia Willowghby

Edmund Sutton/Dudley b. c1425 Dudley - d. 1487; md 1) Joyce Tiptoft; md 2) Matilda Harrington de Clifford

John Sutton/Dudley b. 1401 Dudley Castle, Stafford, England - d. there 1487; md Elizabeth de Berkeley

John Sutton/Dudley b. c1381 Malpas, Cheshire, England - d. 1406; md Constancia Blount

John Sutton/Dudley b. 1361; md 1) Jean/Joan de Clinton; md 2) Alice Dispenser

John Sutton/Dudley b. 1338 England; md 1) Catherine; md 2) Margaret de Mortimer

John Sutton/Dudley b. 1312 England - d. 1359; md Isabel de Cherleton; The Lord of Dudley

John Sutton b. c1286; md Margaret de Someri

Sir Richard Sutton b. 1266 Warsop, Notthinghamshire, England; md 1284 Isabel Patric

Robert Sutton b. 1240 Warsop - d. 1291; md Lucy Bartram

William Sutton b. 1217 - d. 1267 England; md Matilda

Rowland Sutton b. c1195 Sutton-Upton-Trent, England; md 1215 Alice de Lexington

Hervey de Sutton b. c1168 Sutton-Upton-Trent

Hervius

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FROM
One BASSETT Family in America
by
Buell Burdett BASSETTE
Pages 245.

 Catharine DEIGHTON     bp. 14 Jan 1614; St. Nicholas Gloucester,
                                         Gloucestershire, England.
                     m. (1)        1634 Samuel HAGBURNE;
 He                      d. 24 Jan 1643; Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
 They settled in Roxbury, Mass. He left will [Vol. II, p261 N E H & G]
 (4 children).
   1. Elizabeth HACKBOURNE b:  7 May 1635; Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
   2. Samuel    HACKBOURNE b: 20 Jan 1637; Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
   3. John      HACKBOURNE b: 26 Mar 1640; Roxbury, Suffolk, Massaxhusetts.
   4. Hannah    HACKBORNE  b:  5 Jan 1642; Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
 She                 m. (2) 14 Apr 1644, Gov. Thomas DUDLEY[1576-1653].
 She was 29 and he 68.
 He was                  b. 12 Oct 1576
 He                      d. 31 Jul 1653
 (3 children)
   1. Deborah   DUDLEY    b: 27 Feb 1645; Roxbury, Suffolk Massaxhusetts.
   2. Joseph    DUDLEY    b: 23 Sep 1647; Roxbury, Suffolk Massaxhusetts.
   3. Paul      Dudley    b:  8 Sep 1650; Roxbury, Suffolk Massaxhusetts.
 She                 m. (3)  8 Nov 1653, Rev. John ALLIN
             of Dedham, 1st minister there, she dying three days after him.
 He was                 bp. 22 May 1597; Colby, Norfolk, England. 
 (3 children)
   1. Benjamin  ALLIN     b: 11 Aug 1654; Dedham, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
   2. Daniel    ALLIN     b: 31 Jul 1655; Dedham, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
   3. Eliezur   ALLIN     b: 26 May 1658; Dedham, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
 He                      d. 26 Aug 1671.
 She                     d. 29 Aug 1671
 Catherine had children by each of her husbands.
 (for a total of 10 children in all)

THE PIONEERS OF MASSACHUSETTS

ALLEN, Rev. John, bapt. at Colby, co. Norfolk, Eng. May 22, 1597; Caius Coll. Cambridge, Eng., 1612, A.B. 1615, A.M. 1619. He m. at Wrentham, Eng. Oct. 22, 1622, Margaret Morse. She d. 1 (3) 1653; He m. 8 (9) 1653 Katharine, widow, in turn, of Samuel Hagborne and Governor Thomas Dudley; ch. John bapt. Oct. 24, 1653, Benjamin b. 11 (6) 1654, Daniel b. 31 (5) 1656, Eliezer b. 26 (3) 1658. Mrs. Katharine Allin d. Aug. 29, 1671. He settled at Dedham, N. E. in 1637; was ord. pastor in 1638 and continued in office until his death, Aug. 26, 1671. "He was a man of peace and truth;" author of A Paper marking the just limitations of colonial allegiance and imperial right, 1643; and other works. See introduction to and early portion of Dedham chh. rec. Will dated 23 (6) 1670, prob. ---- 167l; beq. to near kinsmen Samuel Fisher, Thomas Fisher and Robert Allin; cousin, the widow [Caine] living at Cambridge; cousin James Allin of Medfield; sons John, Benjamin, Daniel and Eleazer; daus. Dudley and Chickerin. Wife exec. The widow made nunc. will 28 (6) 1671. To sister Negus; to dau. Hunting and her dau. Katharine; to her son [Henry] Chickerin's 2 daus.; to dau. Wade's 2 daus. and sundry other persons.

BRADSTREET, Simon, gent., son of a minister in Lincolnshire, [C. M.] b. at Hobling, Eng., in March, 1603; was one of the assts. of the Mass. Bay Co. in England in 1629. He came with governor Winthrop in 1630. With wife Anne joined the chh. at its organization. Rem. to Cambridge. Selectman in 1634; secretary of the Colony from 1630 till 1643. Asst., deputy governor and governor in successive years. Owned property at Ipswich in 1635. Resided at Andover. A man of discretion and fidelity. He m. 1, Anne, dau. of Thomas Dudley, Esq., celebrated as the first poetess of N.E., who d. Sept. 16, 1672, ae. about 60 years. He m. 2, Ann, dau. of ---- Downing. Ch. Samuel, Dorothy, (m. June 14, 1654, Mr. Seaborn Cotton,) Simon, Dudley, John b. 22 July, 1652, Hannah, (m. Andrew Wiggin,) Sarah, (m. Richard Hubbard,) Mercy, (m. Nathaniel Wade). He d. at Salem March 27, 1697, ae. 94. His will, dated 23 Dec. 1689, and 27 Jan. 1692-3, prob. 2 April, 1697, beq. to wife Ann; to son Samuel, and his ch. Mercy, John, Simon and Anne; to the 3 ch. of dec. son Simon, Simon, John and Lucy; to son Dudley B. and each of his ch.; to son John, with entail to his ch.; to gr. ch. John Cotton, and to his 6 sisters, daus. of my dau. Dorothy; to son-in-law Andrew Wiggin, and his ch. by my dau. Hannah; to dau. Mercy and her husband, Mr. Nathaniel Wade, and to their ch.; to Mr. Samuel Willard. [Reg. I, 75, and VIII, 312.]

HAGBORNE, Samuel, Roxbury, propr. He m. Katharine, dau. of John Deighton of Gloucester, Eng., bapt Jan. 16, 1614. Named in her fathers will 1640. [Reg. XLV, 303.] Ch. Elizabeth "b. in England" May 7, 1635, Samuel b. Jan. 20, 1637, John b. March 26, 1640, Hannah b. Jan. 5, 1642. He was bur. Dec. 27, 1642. Will dated 19 Jan. prob. 8 (1) 1642-3. Beq. to eldest dau. Elizabeth articles her grandfather left her; to bro. Abraham H.; to bro. Lugg; to maid Alice and man Nathaniel, wife, son Samuel, son John, younger dau.; to the free school of Rox. The widow m. 2, Gov. Thomas Dudley and 3, Rev. James Allen, q. v.

PACY, Nicholas, Salem, propr. 1638. He m. 1, Katharine --, who had plighted her troth to Mark Vermais; both confessed their error before the Court 28 (10) 1640. She was adm. chh. 23 (3) 1641. Ch. Hannah bapt. 29 (3) 1642. He m. 2, Sarah, dau. of Gov. Thomas Dudley, who had been the wife of Benjamin Keayne, Jr., and had been divorced from him. She was admitted inhabitant of Boston in 1655. She d. Nov. 3, 1659. Will prob. 26 (9) 1659, gave all to her dau. Anna Keayne.

WOODBRIDGE, Rev. Benjamin, son of Rev. John, of Stanton, Wilts, and of his wife Dorothy, dau. of Rev. Thomas Parker, came to N. E. [with his brother John?] and settled at Newbury. Grad. Harvard College in the first class, 1642; returned to England and took orders. Had a long and useful ministry. Died at Newbury, Eng. Nov. 4, 1684.

Rev. John, bro. of the above, came to New Eng. in the Mary and John March 24, 1633-4. Resided at Ipswich, then at Newbury. Town clerk, deputy, surveyor of the arms May 17, 1636. Rem. to Boston, and was schoolmaster in 1643. Having been advised by his father-in-law, Gov. Thomas Dudley, in letter dated Nov. 8, 1642, to enter the ministry, he completed preparation, and was ordained pastor of the church at Andover at its organization, (8) 1645. [W.] Ret. to Eng. in 1647; was chaplain of the Parliamentary commissioners, treating with King Charles. Was minister at Andover, Hunts, and at Barford, Wilts. Ret. to N. E. in 1663; res. at Newbury; colleague pastor with his kinsman Mr. Thomas Parker till 1670. He m. Mercy, dau. of Thomas Dudley, Esq. Ch. Sarah b. June 7, 1640, Lucia b. 13 March, 1641-2, (m. Mr. Simon Bradstreet, and 2, Mr. Daniel Epps,) John, Benjamin, Thomas, Dorothy, Mary, Anne, Timothy, Joseph, Martha. Will dated Sept. 12, 1691, prob. March 27, 1695, beq. to dau. Sarah and her 5 ch., daus. Lucy Eps, Dorothy Fryer, Martha Ruggles, Mary Appleton and Anne W.; sons John, Benjamin, Joseph, Thomas, Timothy; and to several of their children. Bro. Benjamin. Gr. son Richard Broccas afterward receipted. [Reg. XXXII, 292, 337. 342, XXXVII, 241, and The Woodbridge Record.]

AUTHORITIES QUOTED.

Gov. Thomas, Letter to Countess of Lincoln, in Mass. Hist. Coll.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHILDREN of Thomas DUDLEY and Dorothy YORKE:

  
   1. SAMUEL   b: 30 Nov 1608; Northampton, Northamptonshire, England.
              md:        1632; Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts.
                               Mary WINTHROP.
              md:    Abt 1643; Salisbury, Essex, Massachusetts.
                               Mary BYLEY.
              md:        1652; Exeter, Rockingham, New Hampshire.
                               Elizabeth SMITH.
               d: 10 Feb 1683; Exeter, Rockingham, New Hampshire.
   2. ANN      b:    Abt 1612; , Northamptonshire, England.
              md:        1628; Sempringham, Lincolnshire, England
                               Simon BRADSTREET.
               d: 16 Sep 1672; Andover, Essex, Massachusetts. 
         For a short piece on Ann DUDLEY BRADSTREET (poet)
CLICK HER NAME ABOVE.
3. PATIENCE b: Abt 1615; , , England. md: ; Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts. Daniel DENNISON. d: 8 Feb 1689; Ipswich, Essex, Massachusetts. 4. SARAH chr: 23 Jul 1620; Sempringham, Lincolnshire, England. md: 1 SEP 1638; Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Benjamin KEAYNE. (div.) md: 1649; Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts. Thomas PACEY d: 1659; Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts. 5. MERCY b: Abt 1622; , , England. md: 1639; Newbury, Essex, Massachusetts. John WOODBRIDGE. d: 1 Jul 1691;

CHILDREN of Thomas DUDLEY and Catharine DEIGHTON:

  
 + 6. DEBORAH  b: 27 Feb 1645; Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
              md:    Abt 1665; , Suffolk, Massachusetts.
                               Jonathan WADE.
               d:  1 Nov 1683; , , Massachusetts.
   7. JOSEPH   b: 23 Sep 1647; Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
              md:        1667; , Suffolk, Massachusetts.
                               Rebecca TYNG.
               d:  2 Apr 1750; Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
   8. PAUL     b:  8 Sep 1650; Roxbury, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
              md:        1677; Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
                               Mary LEVERETT.
               d:  1 Dec 1681; Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts.
Back to Roger DUDLEY's Family Page
Back to John DEIGHTON's Family Page
Back to Phenice WILDER's Pedigree Chart

Back to Richard WATE Jr.'s Home Page.

Back to Our Genealogy Home Page.

Back to Pedigree Charts Page.


Sources

  1.   "Ancestrial File"   at family search.com

  2.   "Barbour Collection, Connecticut Vital Records Prior to 1850"

  3.   "Book of WILDERS" Page 267 #:2771

  4.   "Census Records"
         1810 Fayston, Chittendon, Vermont.
         1820 - 1830 Le Roy, Genesee, New York.
         1840 - 1900 London Twp., Monroe, Michigan.
         1910 Dundee Twp., Monroe, Michigan.

  5.   "HYDE Genealogy Vol. 2 pages 896 - 901.

  6.   "International Genealogical Index"   at familysearch.com

  7.   "Land and Property Records":
         Fayston, Chittendon, Vermont
         Le Roy, Genesee, New York.
         London Twp., Monroe, Michigan.

  7.   "Town Records":
         Brattleboro, Windham, Vermont
         Fayston, Chittendon, Vermont

  8.   "Vital Records":
         Monroe County, Michigan
         State of Vermont.


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